Menene sautin kewaye na kama-da-wane

A cikin aiwatar da sautin kewaye, duka Dolby AC3 da DTS suna da halayyar da ke buƙatar lasifika da yawa yayin kunnawa. Duk da haka, saboda dalilai na farashi da sarari, wasu masu amfani, kamar masu amfani da kwamfuta ta multimedia, ba su da isassun lasifika. A wannan lokacin, ana buƙatar fasaha wadda za ta iya sarrafa sigina masu tashoshi da yawa kuma ta sake kunna su a cikin lasifika biyu masu layi ɗaya, kuma ta sa mutane su ji tasirin sautin kewaye. Wannan fasahar sauti ta kama-da-wane ce. Sunan Ingilishi na sautin kewaye na kama-da-wane shine Virtual Surround, wanda kuma ake kira Simulated Surround. Mutane suna kiran wannan fasaha ba ta daidaitaccen fasahar sauti ta kewaye ba.

Tsarin sautin kewaye mara daidaito ya dogara ne akan sitiriyo mai tashoshi biyu ba tare da ƙara tashoshi da lasifika ba. Ana sarrafa siginar filin sauti ta hanyar da'irar sannan a watsa shi, don mai sauraro ya ji cewa sautin ya fito daga wurare da yawa kuma ya samar da filin sitiriyo da aka kwaikwayi. Darajar sautin kewaye mai kama-da-wane Darajar fasahar kewaye mai kama-da-wane ita ce amfani da lasifika biyu don kwaikwayon tasirin sautin kewaye. Kodayake ba za a iya kwatanta shi da ainihin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na gida ba, tasirin yana da kyau a cikin mafi kyawun yanayin sauraro. Rashin fa'idarsa shine gabaɗaya bai dace da sauraro ba. Bukatun matsayin sauti suna da yawa, don haka amfani da wannan fasahar kewaye mai kama-da-wane a cikin belun kunne zaɓi ne mai kyau.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, mutane sun fara nazarin amfani da ƙananan tashoshi da kuma ƙananan lasifika don ƙirƙirar sauti mai girma uku. Wannan tasirin sauti ba shi da tabbas kamar fasahar sauti mai girma kamar DOLBY. Duk da haka, saboda ƙarancin farashinsa, ana ƙara amfani da wannan fasaha a cikin amplifiers masu ƙarfi, talabijin, sauti na mota da multimedia na AV. Ana kiran wannan fasaha fasahar sauti mai kewaye da ba ta yau da kullun ba. Tsarin sauti mai kewaye da ba ta yau da kullun ya dogara ne akan sitiriyo mai tashoshi biyu ba tare da ƙara tashoshi da lasifika ba. Ana sarrafa siginar filin sauti ta hanyar da'irar sannan a watsa shi, don mai sauraro ya ji cewa sautin ya fito daga hanyoyi da yawa kuma ya samar da filin sitiriyo da aka kwaikwayi.

sautin kewaye

Ka'idar Sautin Ruhi na Virtual Surround Mabuɗin cimma nasarar Dolby Surround Sound shine sarrafa sauti ta hanyar kama-da-wane. Ya ƙware wajen sarrafa tashoshin sauti na kewaye bisa ga acoustics na ɗan adam da ƙa'idodin psychoacoustic, yana ƙirƙirar mafarkin cewa tushen sauti na kewaye yana fitowa daga baya ko zuwa gefen mai sauraro. Ana amfani da tasirin da yawa bisa ga ƙa'idodin ji na ɗan adam. Tasirin binaural. Masanin kimiyyar lissafi na Burtaniya Rayleigh ya gano ta hanyar gwaje-gwaje a cikin 1896 cewa kunnuwa biyu na ɗan adam suna da bambance-bambancen lokaci (0.44-0.5 microseconds), bambance-bambancen ƙarfin sauti da bambance-bambancen matakai don sautunan kai tsaye daga tushen sauti iri ɗaya. Ana iya tantance ƙarfin jin kunnen ɗan adam bisa ga waɗannan ƙananan. Bambancin zai iya tantance alkiblar sautin daidai kuma ya tantance wurin tushen sauti, amma za a iya iyakance shi kawai ga tantance tushen sauti a cikin alkiblar kwance a gaba, kuma ba zai iya magance matsayin tushen sauti na sarari mai girma uku ba.

Tasirin Auricular. Jijiyoyin ɗan adam suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haskaka raƙuman sauti da kuma alkiblar tushen sautin sarari. Ta hanyar wannan tasirin, ana iya tantance matsayin tushen sauti mai girma uku. Tasirin tace mita na kunnen ɗan adam. Tsarin wurin sautin kunnen ɗan adam yana da alaƙa da mitar sauti. Bass na 20-200 Hz yana samuwa ne ta hanyar bambancin mataki, matsakaicin kewayon 300-4000 Hz yana samuwa ne ta hanyar bambancin ƙarfin sauti, kuma treble yana samuwa ne ta hanyar bambancin lokaci. Dangane da wannan ƙa'ida, ana iya nazarin bambance-bambancen harshe da sautunan kiɗa a cikin sautin da aka sake kunnawa, kuma ana iya amfani da magunguna daban-daban don ƙara jin kewaye. Aikin canja wurin da ya shafi kai. Tsarin ji na ɗan adam yana samar da siffofi daban-daban don sautuna daga hanyoyi daban-daban, kuma ana iya bayyana wannan halayyar bakan ta hanyar aikin canja wurin kai (HRT). A taƙaice, matsayin sarari na kunnen ɗan adam ya haɗa da hanyoyi uku: kwance, tsaye, da gaba da baya.

Matsayin kwance ya fi dogara ne akan kunnuwa, matsayin tsaye ya fi dogara ne akan harsashin kunne, kuma matsayin gaba da baya kuma fahimtar filin sautin kewaye ya dogara ne akan aikin HRTF. Dangane da waɗannan tasirin, kewaye na kama-da-wane na Dolby yana ƙirƙirar yanayin sautin iri ɗaya kamar ainihin tushen sauti a kunnen ɗan adam, yana bawa kwakwalwar ɗan adam damar samar da hotunan sauti masu dacewa a cikin yanayin sarari da ya dace.


Lokacin Saƙo: Fabrairu-28-2024